Daim tawv nqaij yog lub cev loj tshaj plaws hauv tib neeg lub cev, uas yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm lub xeev ntawm lub cev. Nws muaj cov pores uas muab kev tiv thaiv, hydration thiab ua pa ua haujlwm, nrog rau tshem tawm toxins. Txawm li cas los xij, kev cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog sebaceous provokes tsis yog teeb meem tshuaj pleev ib ce, tab sis ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv lub cev.
cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
qog sebaceous nyob thoob plaws tib neeg lub cev. Lawv ncav cuag qhov loj tshaj tsub zuj zuj ntawm lub ntsej muag, nraub qaum, hauv siab, puab tsaig thiab armpits. Cov qog yog ib txwm muaj zog nyob qhov twg muaj cov plaub hau, thiab tsis tuaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj tawv nqaij tawv, xws li ntawm xib teg thiab taw. Qhov no yog vim lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb: kev tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj thaum lub sij hawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij ncab thiab nkag mus rau cov kab mob pathogenic microorganisms mus rau hauv lub epidermis. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov qog no moisturize cov hauv paus plaub hau, uas nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm pores.
Cov txheej txheem no tau ua tiav nrog kev pab los ntawm sebum zais cia. Nws muaj pes tsawg leeg yog txiav txim siab feem ntau los ntawm cov tshuaj hormones thiab plab hnyuv microflora. Tus nqi thiab qhov sib xws ntawm sebum yuav nyob ntawm cov tshuab no. Nrog nce ntau lawm ntawm cov tshuaj no, nws accumulates nyob rau hauv lub pores. Qhov no ua rau muaj ntau cov kab mob uas ua rau pob txuv, vim tias sebum yog oxidized thiab cuam tshuam nrog desquamation ntawm stratum corneum ntawm epidermis. Thiab cov txheej txheem no exacerbates qhov teeb meem ntau dua. Yog li, ntau hom mob tshwm sim ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Ua rau kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij: sab hauv
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog sebaceous ntawm lub ntsej muag feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov chaw sab hauv ntawm lub cev. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, kho qhov teeb meem nrog cov txheej txheem sab nraud tsuas yog npog cov tsos mob xwb.
Muaj ntau hom pob txuv: menyuam mos, menyuam yaus thiab tom qab pubertal. Hauv thawj ob qhov xwm txheej, tsis ruaj khov ntawm sebum ntau lawm yog vim muaj hnub nyoog tshwj xeeb thiab kho tsis tau, tsuas yog npog ntsej muag xwb.
Post-pubertal pob txuv tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog 25-30 thiab yog pov thawj ntawm lub cev ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm heredity, uas tso cai rau koj tshem tawm qhov teeb meem no los ntawm kev tshem tawm qhov ua rau nws ua rau nws. Lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv cov qog sebaceous thiab nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm ib txwm muaj:
- Hormonal tsis ua haujlwm. Qhov no yog vim li cas thiaj li hais tau ntau dua hauv cov poj niam. Cov qib Testosterone nce ntxiv txhawb kev tsim cov sebum. Cov txheej txheem no kuj provokes progesterone. Hauv cov poj niam nrog PCOS thiabzes qe menyuam tsis ua haujlwm, muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj hormones.
- kab mob. Teeb meem nrog lub plab zom mov, dysbacteriosis, gastritis, kab mob ntawm lub gallstone thiab adrenal qog ua rau cov qog sebaceous. Kev ua haujlwm tsis raug ntawm lub qhov hws ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab lub taub hau yog feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm cov txheej txheem sib kis hauv lub cev.
Nrog cov teeb meem sab hauv, tsuas yog kws kho mob yuav pab kom tshem tau tus kab mob los ntawm kev sau tshuaj kho kom tsim nyog rau cov kab mob sib txuas thiab cov kab ke.
Kev ua kom tawv nqaij tsis zoo
Cov teeb meem ntawm daim tawv nqaij los ntawm lwm yam yog yooj yim kho. Txawm li cas los xij, lub sijhawm ntev ntawm daim tawv nqaij mus rau qhov ua kom khaus khaus ua rau cov kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, xws li oily thiab qhuav seborrhea, eczema thiab demodicosis.
Ntawm qhov ua rau sab nrauv ntawm kev ua tsis tiav hauv kev tsim cov tawv nqaij secretions yog:
Tshuaj pleev ib ce. Kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom uas tsis haum rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, los yog siv cov khoom uas muaj ib tug tsis zoo muaj pes tsawg leeg, provokes ib tug tsis haum tshuaj thiab qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub Demodex mite. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cawv, roj comedogenic thiab glycerin hauv cov khoom tu tawv nqaij, nrog rau qee cov khoom xyaw txaus ntshai, tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev qhuav dej, khaus lossis tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab airtight ntawm daim tawv nqaij uas txhaws qhov pores. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab tias cov tshuaj pleev ib ce nrog silicones, proteins, keratin nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg, thov rau cov tawv taub hau, tsis txhob cia nws ua pa. Qhov no provokes tsis tsuas yog nce sloughing ntawm daim tawv nqaij flakes, hu ua dandruff, tab sis kuj yuav ua rau cov plaub hau poob
- Kev ua txhaumkev saib xyuas. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog sebaceous ntawm lub taub hau thiab lub ntsej muag yuav tsis txo qis nrog kev ua kom nruj. Cov txheej txheem zoo li no rhuav tshem cov kua qaub-lipid tiv thaiv txheej ntawm daim tawv nqaij secretion, uas provokes nws sawv tawm ntau. Lub sijhawm no, kev nkag mus ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub qhov hws tuaj yeem ua rau mob. Kev ntxuav ntawm daim tawv nqaij qeeb kuj provokes kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob thiab clogging ntawm pores, yog li cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau siv nrog nruj zaus.
- Kev noj haus tsis raug. Txhawm rau tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, ib qho ntawm cov vitamins yog tsim nyog. Lawv qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev noj qab zib ntau dhau ua rau cov synthesis ntawm androgens, uas tseem ua rau cov kab mob cuam tshuam nrog kev loj hlob ntawm daim tawv nqaij pathologies.
- Kev ua ntawm ib puag ncig. Feem ntau raug tshav ntuj, nyob rau hauv ib chav qhuav los yog nyob rau hauv lub txias ua rau qhuav tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij, uas ua rau kom cov sebum ntau lawm nrog rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm lipid-acid membrane.
Ua ntej koj nug koj tus kheej yuav ua li cas ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog sebaceous, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los txheeb xyuas cov xwm txheej saum toj no thiab tshem tawm lawv. Tom qab ntawd, mus rau txoj kev kho mob, koj tuaj yeem siv cov txheej txheem los tiv thaiv.
Kev kho cov qog sebaceous ntawm lub ntsej muag nrog tshuaj
Txoj kev kho no yog muab tshuaj tom qab kuaj xyuas thiab txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau ua haujlwm tsis zoo hauv cov qog sebaceous los ntawm kws kho mob. Tus kws kho mob dermatologist, gynecologist thiab kws kho mob gastroenterologist raug xa mus rau kev tshawb fawb. Thaum kho, npaj tshuaj pleev, tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab kev npaj zaub mov raug kho. Yog ibKev ua txhaum cai yog cuam tshuam nrog keeb kwm hormonal, tom qab ntawd kev kho mob suav nrog kev noj tshuaj kom normalize lawv.
Kev kho tshuaj pleev ib ce muaj cov tshuaj nrog retinoic acid. Qhov no suav nrog cov gel "Differin" thiab "Adapalen" thov ib hnub ib zaug thiab lub sijhawm ntawm chav kawm yog mus txog 3-4 lub lis piam. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tau sau tseg thaum muaj cov kab mob inflammatory ntawm lub ntsej muag. Dermatologists qhia siv Baziron AC, Proderm, Eclaran thiab Desquam. Nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawm lawv daim ntawv thov, cov nyhuv ntawm desquamation ntawm daim tawv nqaij flakes yog pom. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke kuj tau siv hauv kev kho mob, xws li Zinerit, Klenzit C, Isotrexin. Cov txheej txheem no tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog sebaceous thiab tau muab tshuaj rau pob txuv me me.
Thaum tsim nyog, kws kho mob siv tshuaj tua kab mob. Ntawm cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv pob txuv, muaj pawg tetracyclines thiab macrolides. Thawj suav nrog "Erythromycin" thiab "Josamycin", qhov thib ob - "Doxycilin", "Metacycline", "Oxytetracycline".
Cov kev kawm ntawm cov tshuaj no kav 10 hnub. Tsis muaj teeb meem koj yuav tsum cuam tshuam cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab muab lawv nrog cawv. Thaum sau tshuaj, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog tus neeg mob cov kab mob sib kis. Mob ntshav qab zib, thrombosis thiab arrhythmia xav tau cov nuances ntxiv hauv kev kho mob.
Thaum mob pob txuv hnyav, tsuas yog tshuaj ntawm retinoic acid, Roaccutane, tau sau tseg. Nws txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog sebaceous thoob plaws hauv lub cev,txhim khu exfoliation, tab sis muaj ntau yam kev phiv, yog li nws yog ib tug radical txhais tau tias normalizing pore kev ua si.
tshuaj hormonal raug xaiv tus kheej thiab tsis siv rau tus kheej tshuaj.
Kev kho cov qog sebaceous ntawm lub ntsej muag nrog cov txheej txheem pej xeem
Kho lub ntsej muag qhov pores nrog cov tshuaj hauv tsev yog ib qho kev tawm dag zog tsawg uas tuaj yeem siv rau sab nraud ntawm qhov teeb meem. Cov txheej txheem no yog tsim rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm relapse. Cov tshuaj pleev hauv tsev los ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab, lub ntsej muag thiab cov roj tseem ceeb thiab cov roj hauv paus yog siv los txhawb cov tshuaj pleev ib ce.
Steaming lub ntsej muag nrog decoctions yog xyaum los ntxuav lub qhov hws thiab, vim li ntawd, lawv nqaim, uas txo qhov tsim ntawm daim tawv nqaij secretions. Rau cov txheej txheem, decoctions ntawm chamomile los yog sage raug xaiv. Cov txheej txheem yog raws li nram no: lub broth yog coj mus rau ib tug boil, ncuav rau hauv ib lub thawv, thiab npog nrog ib tug phuam, tuav lub ntsej muag rau 5 mus rau 7 feeb. Cov txheej txheem no tsis haum rau cov tswv ntawm cov tawv nqaij qhuav thiab nrog qhov chaw ze ntawm cov hlab ntsha mus rau saum npoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Ib qho kev daws teeb meem rau cov lus nug yog yuav ua li cas txo qis kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog sebaceous. yog av nplaum daim npog qhov ncauj. Cov khoom no muaj qhov ziab, tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab tseem ua raws li cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau daim tawv nqaij. Cov npog ntsej muag dawb, ntsuab, xiav thiab dub av nplaum yog siv.
Cov khoom yog diluted nrog dej kom sib xws ntawm qaub cream thiab thov rau 15-20 feeb ntawm thaj tsam ntawm cov pores loj. Thaum lub sij hawm txheej txheem, cov av nplaum yuav tsum tsis txhob qhuav: rau qhov no, daim npog qhov ncauj yog irrigated nrog ib tug tshuaj tsuag lub raj mis.dej. Pom zoo siv 1-2 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam.
Egg white mask dries the skin and relieves o, tightens pores. Rau cov txheej txheem, cov khoom yog nplawm kom txog thaum ua npuas ncauj tsim thiab siv rau lub ntsej muag hauv ob peb txheej. Thaum cov txheej dhau los dries, thov cov tom ntej. Tom qab cov txheej txheem, qhov sib tov yog ntxuav tawm thiab siv moisturizer.
Kev daws rau lo lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas normalizes cov qog sebaceous tuaj yeem ua rau kho kom zoo nkauj. Tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv kev txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau ntawm tus kab mob, hereditary predisposition, keeb kwm thiab lwm yam yuav tau sau cov txheej txheem ntxiv. Cosmetology muaj ntau yam kev kho tawv nqaij zoo heev:
- Laser biostimulation. Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog tshem tawm cov teeb meem nrog pob khaus. Nws muaj ib tug complex nyhuv ntawm daim tawv nqaij regeneration thiab tiv thaiv systems, thiab kuj tshem tawm toxins thiab restores ib tug noj qab nyob zoo complexion. Cov txheej txheem yog ua nyob rau hauv 10 zaug, thaum lub teeb kho, microcurrent stimulation thiab ultrasonic massage yog ua ke. Qhov tshwm sim yog firmer, firmer thiab ntau hydrated daim tawv nqaij.
- YMicrodermabrasion. Yuav ua li cas normalize cov qog sebaceous ntawm lub ntsej muag? Txoj kev no tuaj yeem siv nws tus kheej hauv tsev. Microdermabrasion yog ua raws li cov ntsiab lus maj mam txhuam nrog exfoliating hais, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov stratum corneum accumulated nyob ib ncig ntawm lub pores raug tshem tawm thiab nthuav lawv. Txoj kev no tso cai rau koj kom nqaim lub qhov ncauj ntawm cov qog sebaceous, yog li txo lawv cov haujlwm.
- Ultrasonic peeling. Thaum lub sij hawm cov txheej txheem no, lub shock yoj ntawm cov hniav ntawm lub ultrasonic ntaus ntawv maj mam tshem tawm impurities ntawm lub pores thiab tshem tawm cov stratum corneum ntawm lub epidermis.
- Iontophoresis. Stimulation nrog microcurrents tsub kom tus me nyuam ntawm cov as-ham rau lub dermis, yog li pab txhawb kev tsim kho thiab txo cov roj cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim tawv nqaij ducts. Kev xa cov vitamins nrog rau cov ntshav pab kho thiab ua kom lub ntsej muag zoo dua qub.
- Tshuaj tua kab mob. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem, acidity ntawm daim tawv nqaij txo mus rau theem teev los ntawm cosmetologist, uas ua rau muaj kev tswj xyuas ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Cov tawv nqaij rov qab txhim kho kev tsim cov collagen, elastin, hyaluronic acid. Cov tawv nqaij yog hydrated, lub pores yog nqaim, uas txo cov zus tau tej cov sebum.
Yog li, koj tuaj yeem xaiv txoj hauv kev ntau dua lossis tsawg dua kom tshem tawm qhov teeb meem. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xaiv ib tus kws kho kom zoo nkauj uas tsim nyog, vim tias cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem ua rau cov txheej txheem ua rau tsis raug.
Khoom noj khoom haus rau daim tawv nqaij normalization
Yuav ua kom daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub ntsej muag noj qab haus huv thiab txhim khu kev kho mob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau kev noj zaub mov kom raug. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias nws tsim nyog tsis suav nrog kev noj zaub mov txhua yam khoom noj uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv cov qog sebaceous. Cov no suav nrog:
- cov zaub mov siab glycemic (fast carbs);
- zaub mov muaj hmoov txhuv nplej siab;
- hmoov thiab dej qab zib;
- khoom noj khoom haus;
- caffeine;
- cawv;
- nicotine.
Cov zaub mov zoo li no tuaj yeem hloov tau nrog kev noj qab haus huvanalogues. Nws tsim nyog ntxiv cov khoom noj uas normalizes kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog sebaceous rau kev noj haus:
- zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- high fiber ntau cereal;
- fermented mis nyuj khoom;
- taum thiab txiv ntseej;
- nqaij qaib.
Zoo yuav zoo rau daim tawv nqaij noj ntses liab thiab haus tshuaj ntsuab.
Ua rau kab mob ntawm tawv taub hau
Yuav ua li cas normalize cov qog sebaceous ntawm lub taub hau? Qhov no yog ib lo lus nug uas yog undeservedly overlooked. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, deviations nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov sebum nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv tsis pom zoo li ntawm lub ntsej muag, tab sis tom qab ntawd tuaj yeem ua rau thinning, poob, dryness thiab brittle plaub hau. Qhov teeb meem no tuaj yeem ua rau seborrhea, eczema thiab subcutaneous mites.
Kev tsim tawm tsis txaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij los yog nws qhov ntau dhau tuaj yeem yog vim ob qho tib si sab hauv thiab sab nraud. Kev saib xyuas tsis zoo yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb tiv thaiv keeb kwm ntawm seborrhea. Nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm xws li ib tug kab mob, sebum tsis ua nws cov hauj lwm ncaj qha, tab sis accumulates nyob rau saum tawv taub hau, uas ua rau stagnation ntawm daim card. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov txheej txheem no, lub ntuj lubrication poob nws txoj kev tiv thaiv cov kab mob fungi, uas ua rau exfoliation hnyav ntawm stratum corneum, uas yog hu ua dandruff.
Muaj lwm yam uas cuam tshuam rau tus kab mob no - kev ntxhov siab. Yuav ua li cas normalize cov qog sebaceous ntawm lub ntsej muag nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no?
kev kho tawv taub hau
Kev kho mob ntawm cov qog sebaceous ntawm lub taub hau yog siv rau thaum lub hauv paus ntawm tus kab mob yog seborrhea, eczema, tsheemob, demodicosis thiab lwm yam ua rau sab hauv.
Yog tias tus kab mob no tshwm sim los ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm lub plab thiab lub siab, cov kws kho mob tau sau ntawv "Festal" thiab "Pancreatin". Thaum tus kab mob cuam tshuam nrog kev ntxhov siab, cov tshuaj sedative tau pom zoo, xws li Novopassit lossis Sedavit.
Rau kev kho mob sab nraud nrog kev npaj hauv zos, cov tshuaj zawv plaub hau tau sau tseg uas normalizes kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog sebaceous. Txhais tau hais tias nrog ketoconazole thiab erythromycin yog siv, piv txwv li, Nizoral, Sebiprox, Sulsena, Sebazol. Lawv tsis tsuas yog tawm ntawm cov kua qaub ntawm daim tawv nqaij xwb, tab sis kuj tseem ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas tiv thaiv kev rov ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog sebaceous.
cov tshuaj zawv plaub hau no siv 2-3 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam rau 1-2 lub hlis. Lub sijhawm no, txwv tsis pub siv lwm yam tshuaj pleev ib ce.
Tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub taub hau thiab ntsej muag
Yuav kom kev kho mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij ua tiav, thiab tom qab nws ua tiav tsis muaj kev rov qab los, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov cai ntawm kev tu tawv taub hau thiab ntsej muag.
Yuav ua li cas normalize cov qog sebaceous, tus kws tshaj lij tuaj yeem pom zoo. Nov yog qee cov lus qhia rau kev tu lub ntsej muag thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce:
- Nrhiav huv. Rau cov txheej txheem no, mos foams yog yuav yam tsis muaj cawv thiab sodium lauryl sulfate. Ntxuav nkaus xwb raws li xav tau. Nws yog tsim nyog yuav txhais tau tias rau ntxuav nrog acids. Kev txhuam hniav yuav tsum tsis txhob ua ntau tshaj 1-2 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam, thaum cov khoom siv hluavtaws yuav tsum nyiam hauvtshuaj pleev ib ce.
- Tshaj. Qhov yuav tsum tau ua hauv kev saib xyuas, uas yog txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb rau normalize cov qog sebaceous. Nws yog siv tom qab ntxuav, txhuam, qhov ncauj qhov ntswg thiab ua ib qho kev npaj ua ntej siv cov tshuaj nplaum. Nws tsim nyog muab qhov nyiam rau cov khoom uas muaj vitamin A thiab E.
- Moisture. Raws li cov khoom siv kho mob, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce uas tiv thaiv cov evaporation ntawm noo noo los ntawm daim tawv nqaij, thiab tsis rub nws los ntawm qhov sib sib zog nqus txheej ntawm dermis. Zam cov khoom uas muaj glycerin thiab comedogenic roj.
Yuav ua li cas normalize cov qog sebaceous ntawm lub taub hau, cov npe ntawm cov lus pom zoo rau kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua yuav qhia:
- Ntxuav koj cov plaub hau tsuas yog qias neeg xwb. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ua raws li cov cai ntawm kev ntxuav 1 zaug hauv 3 hnub, 1 zaug hauv ib lub lis piam thiab lwm yam.
- Thaum ntxuav, siv dej ntawm chav tsev kub. Cov kua dej kub txhim kho qhov tso tawm ntawm cov qog sebaceous.
- Xaiv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce kom haum rau koj hom plaub hau.
- Siv cov khoom noj khoom haus rau cov hauv paus plaub hau.
- Yuav ua tib zoo yaug cov tshuaj tsuag, mousses, styling cream.
Kev daws qhov teeb meem ntawm yuav ua li cas ua haujlwm ntawm cov qog sebaceous yuav tsum ua siab ntev thiab sijhawm. Ntau qhov kev xaiv kom tshem tawm qhov teeb meem tso cai rau koj xaiv txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj los daws nws. Kev noj zaub mov kom raug, kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua thiab ua raws li cov cai txhua hnub yuav pab kom tsis txhob muaj qhov ua txhaum cai no, uas yuav ua rau cov tawv nqaij ua haujlwm zoo kawg nkaus - txhawm rau ntxiv kev zoo nkauj thiab ntxim nyiam rau nws tus tswv.
