Daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm USSR, ua kev zoo siab rau lub tebchaws rau Xyoo Tshiab, yog txheej tshwj xeeb ntawm kab lis kev cai zoo ntawm peb lub tebchaws. Retro postcards kos nyob rau hauv lub USSR tsis yog tsuas yog ib tug sau, ib tug kos duab khoom. Rau ntau tus, qhov no yog qhov nco txog thaum yau, uas tau khaws cia nrog peb ntau xyoo. Saib ntawm Soviet New Year cards yog ib qho kev txaus siab tshwj xeeb, lawv zoo nkauj heev, ntxim hlub, tsim kom muaj kev zoo siab thiab kev zoo siab rau menyuam yaus.
thawj daim ntawv tshaj tawm Soviet
Nyob rau xyoo 1935, tom qab lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig, Soviet Union pib ua kev zoo siab rau Xyoo Tshiab dua. Thiab cov tsev luam ntawv me tau pib luam daim npav tos txais, rov kho cov kev cai ntawm pre-revolutionary Russia. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias ua ntej ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm feem ntau muaj cov duab Christmas thiab cov cim kev ntseeg, tom qab ntawd hauv lub tebchaws tshiab txhua qhov no tau poob rau hauv kev txwv, thiab cov ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm USSR kuj poob rau hauv nws. Lawv tsis ua kev zoo siab rau Xyoo Tshiab, nws raug tso cai los ua kev zoo siab rau cov phooj ywg tsuas yog thawj xyoo ntawm Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig, uas tsis tau txhawb tib neeg, tab sis xws li.postcards tsis nyob rau hauv kev thov. Nws muaj peev xwm lull cov xim ntawm cov censors tsuas yog nrog cov menyuam yaus cov dab neeg, thiab txawm tias nrog cov ntawv tshaj tawm tshaj tawm nrog cov ntawv sau: "Zoo nrog bourgeois Christmas tsob ntoo." Txawm li cas los xij, tsawg kawg ntawm cov ntawv no tau luam tawm, yog li daim npav muab ua ntej xyoo 1939 yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg sau.
Kwv yees txij li xyoo 1940, lub tsev tshaj tawm Izogiz pib luam tawm ntawm Xyoo Tshiab phaib nrog cov duab ntawm Kremlin thiab chimes, cov ntoo Christmas ntoo, paj ntaub.
Wartime Christmas Cards
Wartime, tau kawg, tawm nws cov cim rau ntawm daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm USSR. Zoo siab Xyoo Tshiab tau ua kev zoo siab nrog kev txhawb nqa cov lus, zoo li "Kev txais tos Xyoo Tshiab los ntawm pem hauv ntej", Santa Claus tau piav qhia nrog rab phom tshuab thiab ib rab chais cheb cov Nazis, thiab Snow Maiden qhwv lub qhov txhab ntawm cov neeg tua rog. Tab sis lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog txhawb nqa tib neeg tus ntsuj plig thiab qhia tias yeej nyob ze, thiab cov tub rog tseem tos hauv tsev.
Publishing lub tsev "Art" xyoo 1941 tsim cov ntawv tshaj tawm tshwj xeeb uas tau npaj xa mus rau pem hauv ntej. Txhawm rau kom nrawm luam ntawv, lawv tau pleev xim rau hauv ob xim - dub thiab liab, muaj ntau qhov xwm txheej nrog cov duab ntawm cov tub rog ua rog.
Nyob rau hauv cov khoom sau thiab hauv tsev archives, feem ntau tuaj yeem pom cov ntawv xa tuaj txawv teb chaws los ntawm xyoo 1945. Cov tub rog Soviet, uas tau mus txog Berlin, xa thiab nqa nrog lawv daim npav Christmas zoo nkauj txawv teb chaws.
Post-war 50s-60s
Tom qab tsov rog teb chaws tsis muaj nyiaj, tib neeg yuav tsis tau Xyoo tshiabkhoom plig thiab pamper cov me nyuam. Tib neeg tau zoo siab nrog cov khoom yooj yim, yog li tus nqi pheej yig tab sis kov cov ntawv xa ntawv tau nrov heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib daim ntawv xa tuaj tuaj yeem xa los ntawm kev xa ntawv mus rau cov neeg hlub hauv txhua lub ces kaum ntawm lub tebchaws loj. Cov phiaj xwm siv cov cim ntawm kev yeej ntawm fascism, nrog rau cov duab ntawm Stalin ua leej txiv ntawm cov neeg. Muaj ntau cov duab ntawm yawm txiv nrog cov xeeb ntxwv, cov me nyuam nrog niam - tag nrho vim hais tias nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov tsev neeg cov txiv tsis rov qab los ntawm pem hauv ntej. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog ntiaj teb kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb thiab yeej.
Nyob rau xyoo 1953, ntau cov ntawv tshaj tawm tau tsim tawm hauv USSR. Zoo siab Xyoo Tshiab los ua kev zoo siab rau cov phooj ywg thiab cov txheeb ze nrog ib daim ntawv xa tuaj yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Ntau daim npav tau muag, lawv txawm siv los ua cov khoom siv tes ua - pob tawb thiab pob. Ci ntsa iab, tuab cardboard yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau qhov no, thiab lwm yam khoom siv rau kev muaj tswv yim thiab khoom siv tes ua tau nyuaj. Goznak luam ntawv xa ntawv nrog cov duab kos los ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam tseem ceeb Lavxias. Lub sij hawm no pom lub heyday ntawm ib hom ntawv me me. Storylines nthuav dav - cov neeg ua yeeb yam muaj qee yam los kos, txawm tias muaj kev censorship. Ntxiv nrog rau cov suab paj nruag, lawv kos cov dav hlau thiab tsheb ciav hlau, cov tsev siab, qhia txog cov dab neeg dab neeg, cov toj roob hauv pes caij ntuj no, kev ua yeeb yam thaum sawv ntxov hauv kindergartens, cov menyuam yaus lub hnab khoom qab zib, cov niam txiv nqa tsob ntoo Christmas hauv tsev.
Xyoo 1956, zaj duab xis "Carnival Night" nrog L. Gurchenko tau tso tawm rau hauv cov ntxaij vab tshaus Soviet. Cov phiaj xwm los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab, cov duab ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam dhau los ua lub cim ntawm lub xyoo tshiab, lawv feem ntau luam tawm ntawm cov ntawv xa ntawv.
Lub rau caum qhib nrog Gagarin lub davhlau mus rau hauv qhov chaw thiab, tau kawg, zaj dab neeg no tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau Xyoo Tshiab Evexa ntawv. Lawv piav txog cov neeg nyob hauv lub dav hlau nrog cov khoom plig hauv lawv txhais tes, qhov chaw foob pob hluav taws thiab lunar rovers nrog cov ntoo Christmas.
Lub sijhawm no, cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim npav tos txais feem ntau nthuav dav, lawv ua kom pom tseeb thiab nthuav. Lawv tsis tsuas yog cov dab neeg dab neeg thiab cov menyuam yaus xwb, tab sis kuj yog lub neej ntawm cov neeg Soviet, piv txwv li, lub rooj noj mov nplua nuj thiab ntau xyoo tshiab nrog champagne, tangerines, liab caviar thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Olivier zaub xam lav.
Postcards V. I. Zarubina
Thaum tham txog daim npav Soviet Xyoo Tshiab, ib tus tsis tuaj yeem hais txog lub npe ntawm tus kws ua yeeb yam zoo thiab tus kws kos duab Vladimir Ivanovich Zarubin. Yuav luag tag nrho cov ntxim hlub, kov cov ntawv kos duab kos duab tsim hauv USSR hauv 60s thiab 70s. tsim los ntawm nws txhais tes.
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm yog cov cim dab neeg - cov tsiaj zoo siab, Txiv Plig Frost thiab Snow Maiden, cov menyuam yaus zoo siab. Yuav luag txhua daim ntawv tshaj tawm muaj cov phiaj xwm hauv qab no: Santa Claus muab khoom plig rau ib tug tub ntawm caij ski; ib tug hare stretches nrog txiab txiav ib lub txiaj ntsim Xyoo Tshiab los ntawm tsob ntoo Christmas; Santa Claus thiab ib tug me nyuam tub ua si hockey; tsiaj dai tsob ntoo. Niaj hnub no, collections yog cov qub Happy New Year postcards. Lub USSR tsim lawv ntau, yog li muaj ntau ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv lub collections ntawm philocartia (qhov no yog sau cov ntawv tshaj tawm).
Postcards los ntawm lwm cov neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo Soviet me me
Tab sis tsis yog Zarubin nkaus xwb yog ib tus kws tshaj lij tshaj tawm hauv tebchaws Soviet. Ntxiv rau nws, ntau lub npe tseem nyob hauvkeeb kwm ntawm fine arts thiab miniatures.
Piv txwv li, Ivan Yakovlevich Dergilev, uas yog hu ua classic ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm niaj hnub thiab tus tsim ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm. Nws tsim ntau pua daim duab luam tawm hauv ntau lab luam. Ntawm daim npav Xyoo Tshiab, ib tus tuaj yeem tawm ib daim ntawv tshaj tawm xyoo 1987 uas piav qhia txog balalaika thiab Christmas decorations. Daim npav no tau tso tawm nrog cov ntaub ntawv 55 lab luam.
Evgeny Nikolaevich Gundobin, tus kws kos duab Soviet, classic ntawm daim ntawv me me. Nws style yog reminiscent ntawm Soviet films ntawm lub 50s, zoo, kov thiab me ntsis naive. Tsis muaj cov neeg laus nyob rau hauv nws daim npav Xyoo Tshiab, tsuas yog cov menyuam yaus ntawm skis, dai tsob ntoo Christmas, tau txais khoom plig, nrog rau cov menyuam yaus tawm tsam cov keeb kwm ntawm kev lag luam zoo hauv Soviet, ya mus rau qhov chaw ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws. Ntxiv rau cov duab ntawm cov menyuam yaus, Gundobin pleev xim rau cov yeeb yuj panoramas ntawm Xyoo Tshiab Eve Moscow, iconic architectural nta - lub Kremlin, lub MGIMO lub tsev, ib tug pej thuam ntawm ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm thiab ua liaj ua teb poj niam nrog rau lub xyoo tshiab.
Lwm tus kws ua yeeb yam uas ua haujlwm hauv cov style ze rau Zarubin yog Vladimir Ivanovich Chetverikov. Nws cov ntawv tshaj tawm tau nrov hauv USSR thiab nkag mus rau txhua lub tsev. Nws piav txog cov tsiaj tas luav thiab cov dab neeg lom zem. Piv txwv li, Santa Claus, ib puag ncig los ntawm cov tsiaj, ua si lub balalaika rau ib tug cobra; ob tug Santa Clauses tuav tes thaum lawv ntsib.
Postcards 70-80s
Nyob rau hauv lub 70s, muaj ib tug cult ntawm kev ua si nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, muaj ntau daim npav qhia txog cov neeg ua kev zoo siab rau hnub so ntawm kev caij ski los yog ntawm skating rink, cov ntawv ua si Zoo siab Xyoo Tshiab. Lub USSR nyob rau hauv lub 80th hosts lub Olympics, uasmuab lub zog tshiab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm daim ntawv cog lus. Olympians, hluav taws kub, nplhaib - tag nrho cov cim no yog woven rau hauv Xyoo Tshiab motifs.
Nyob rau hauv lub 80s, hom ntawm daim duab postcards Zoo siab Xyoo Tshiab kuj nrov. Lub USSR yuav tsum tsis ntev los no, thiab tuaj txog ntawm lub neej tshiab yog xav txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam. Daim duab hloov daim ntawv kos duab kos. Feem ntau lawv piav txog tsob ntoo Christmas ntoo, pob thiab garlands, iav ntawm champagne. Cov duab ntawm cov khoom siv niaj hnub tshwm sim ntawm cov ntawv xa ntawv - Gzhel, Palekh, Khokhloma, nrog rau cov tshuab luam ntawv tshiab - ntawv ci stamping, kos duab peb sab.
Thaum kawg ntawm lub sijhawm Soviet ntawm peb keeb kwm, tib neeg kawm txog Suav daim ntawv qhia hnub, thiab cov duab ntawm cov tsiaj cim ntawm lub xyoo tshwm rau ntawm daim ntawv xa ntawv. Yog li, piv txwv li, Xyoo Tshiab daim ntawv tshaj tawm los ntawm USSR xyoo ntawm tus dev tau ntsib nrog cov duab ntawm tus tsiaj no - thaij duab thiab kos.
