Yellow gold - yog dab tsi? Tsis zoo li peb ib leeg paub cov lus teb rau lo lus nug no. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov no yog ib qho classic uas tau sim ntau pua xyoo thiab yuav tsis tawm ntawm kev zam. Cov hlau no tsis tuaj yeem tsis meej pem nrog lwm tus, cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub ua los ntawm nws muaj feem xyuam rau txhua lub sijhawm.daj kub (cov duab muaj nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm) yog cov hlau zoo uas tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, noo noo lossis huab cua.
khoom kub
Nyob rau hauv xwm, cov hlau no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov nplej uas interspersed nyob rau hauv quartz, thiab nyob rau hauv quartz xuab zeb. Kub muaj siab ductility thiab malleability. Hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab, cov hlau yog mos heev, nws tuaj yeem txiav tau yooj yim nrog rab riam. Cov khoom ua los ntawm cov kub ntshiab yog qhov tsis yooj yim thiab tawg yooj yim. Nws yog tib yam hlau uas muaj nqi heev uas muaj xim daj daj. Lub zog luster yog nws cov yam ntxwv. Kub yog cov yas zoo heev, hauv kev tsim cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, txhawm rau txhim kho nws lub cev yam ntxwv, impurities thiab lwm yam hlau ntxiv rau nws, uas yog hu ua ligatures.
Qhov pov thawj kub yog dab tsi?
Qhov zoo ntawm kub yog qhov piv ntawm cov hlau ntawm cov nyiaj ntshiabthiab ligatures (impurities). Tooj thiab nyiaj yog suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws impurities. Nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws, nws yog txoj cai los muab cov lej ntawm cov qauv rau cov khoom kub. Tus nqi no qhia cov naj npawb ntawm cov hlau no hauv 1000 feem ntawm cov hlau. Piv txwv li, yog tias cov khoom yog 750 cov qauv, qhov no txhais tau hais tias 1000 g ntawm cov hlau muaj 750 g ntawm cov kub ntshiab.
14k daj kub alloy muaj pes tsawg leeg
Qhov no yog cov hlau ua raws li kub. Cov khoom ntxiv (ligatures) hauv nws yog nyiaj thiab tooj liab. Daj kub 585 muaj cov nram qab no muaj pes tsawg leeg: ntshiab kub - 58.5%, lwm yam hlau - 41.5%. Cov xim ntawm cov khoom yog cuam tshuam los ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom no. Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm lub qub USSR, ntau tooj liab tau siv, uas yog vim li cas cov hlau tau txais ib tug reddish tint. Hauv Tebchaws Europe, lawv nyiam nyiaj. Yog li ntawd, qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm European kub yog cov txiv qaub. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias vim muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub ligature, daj kub, uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub qub USSR, muaj zog dua piv rau European kub. Cov xim thawj yog daj, tab sis txij li cov hlau no yog mos heev, cov khoom kub ntshiab yog tsim hauv Nyiv nkaus xwb. Nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws no, nws yog kev cai siv kub yuav luag nyob rau hauv nws cov ntshiab daim ntawv rau zus tau tej cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Txhawm rau kom cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig tsis txhob poob lawv qhov zoo li qub, lawv hnav tsis tshua muaj thiab ua tib zoo khaws cia rau hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb. Cov qauv yog ywj siab ntawm cov xim. Feem ntau nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws yog daj kub 585, ua raws li 750 alloy. Cov qauv xws li 500, 375, 583,tsis tshua muaj hnub no.
Lwm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub
- liab kub. Nyob rau hauv cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub kev lag luam ntawm lub qub USSR, nws yog lub ntsiab precious hlau. Nws kuj hu ua "Lavxias teb sab kub". Kev lig kev cai, nws yog ib qho alloy ntawm kub (58.3%) thiab tooj liab (41.7%). Los ntawm kev ntxiv qhov sib txawv ntawm palladium, nyiaj, thiab npib tsib xee, tuaj yeem tau txais cov hlau liab kub.
- Dawb kub yog cov hlau uas tau txais cov xim dawb los ntawm kev ntxiv platinum, nyiaj, npib tsib xee thiab palladium. Nws yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov pob zeb diamond hniav nyiaj hniav kub, uas txhim khu kev ua si ntawm lub teeb thiab hais txog qhov zoo nkauj ntawm pob zeb.
- Dub kub. Txhawm rau muab cov xim dub txawv txawv rau cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, ib txheej ntawm rhodium lossis ruthenium yog siv rau lawv.
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Kub kub. Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov khoom ntawm qhov ntxoov ntxoo no, cov alloys ntawm 750 thiab 585 kub yog siv, uas tau raug rov ua cov tshuaj ua haujlwm nyuaj.
- Purple-violet kub - intermetallic compound ntawm kub nrog txhuas.
- Olive kub yog qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov kub nrog cov poov tshuaj.
- Dub ntsuab kub - ib qho intermetallic compound ntawm kub nrog rubidium.
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Blue kub yog qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kub nrog indium.
daj kub
cov lus qhia saib xyuas
Daj kub thaum kawg poob nws qhov qub tsos thiab pib ploj mus. Qhov no tshwm sim vim qhov impurities ntawm lwm cov hlau uas muab lub zog rau cov khoom dhau sijhawmoxidize thiab hloov xim. Txhawm rau kho qhov zoo nkauj thiab khoom kim heev ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, koj tuaj yeem ntxuav nws.
Ntxuav kub nrog dej, ammonia thiab ntxuav hmoov
Ncuav ib khob dej rau hauv lub thawv sib sib zog nqus, ntxiv ib tablespoon ntawm xab npum thiab ib teaspoon ntawm ammonium hydroxide (ammonia). Do cov sib tov kom huv si kom txog thaum cov hmoov yog yaj tag. Muab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub rau ob teev hauv qhov sib xyaw ua ke, tom qab ntawd yaug kom zoo nrog dej ntws thiab qhuav kom huv si nrog daim ntaub mos.
Ntxhais kub nrog tshuaj ntxuav tais diav
Yuav kom ntxuav cov xim daj, ntxiv ib teaspoon ntawm xab npum rau hauv ib khob dej, sib tov kom huv si. Nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub thawv nrog lub resulting sib tov, muab ib daim ntaub mos mos. Muab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub tso rau hauv qhov kev daws teeb meem thiab muab lub thawv tso rau ntawm qhov hluav taws kub tsawg. Boil cov kua rau tsawg kawg 10 feeb, tom qab ntawd yaug cov khoom hauv qab dej ntws thiab qhuav nrog ib daim ntaub tsis muaj lint.
Kev ntxuav kub nrog xab npum ua kua thiab hydrogen peroxide
Ncuav ib khob dej kub rau hauv lub thawv sib sib zog nqus, ntxiv hydrogen peroxide (40 ml), ib teaspoon ntawm ammonium hydroxide thiab kua xab npum. Muab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub tso rau hauv qhov kev daws teeb meem rau 20 feeb, tom qab ntawd yaug kom huv si thiab so kom qhuav.
Ntxhais kub nrog ntsev
Hauv dej kub (ib nrab khob), ntxiv ntsev (3 tablespoons). Tso cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub ib hmos hauv kev daws. Tom qab yaug nrog dej ntws thiab qhuav nrog phuam mos.
kub hniav nyiaj hniav kub yeej ib txwm muaj koob meej thiab muaj koob meej. Yellow kub yog classic timeless.
