Nyiaj yog ib qho khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Cov khoom los ntawm nws tsuas yog mesmerizing - lawv ci, shimmer nyob rau hauv lub teeb thiab zoo li ib tug tiag tiag ua hauj lwm ntawm kos duab. Tab sis sai li sai tau thaum koj nqa nyiaj hauv koj txhais tes lossis muab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub los ntawm nws, cov txheej txheem oxidation sai pib. Cov hlau yog tarnishing thiab poob ib tug ncaj ncees npaum li cas ntawm nws thov.
Yog li ntawd, ntau tus nyiam ua kom tsaus nyiaj. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov khoom zoo li no ua zoo ib yam li cov khoom qub uas muaj qhov kov ntawm patina. Ntawm qhov tod tes, ci iab nyiaj nrog cov pob tsaus nti zoo li ntxim nyiam dua.
Blackening thiab oxidation
Yuav ua li cas kom tsaus nyiaj hauv tsev? Muaj ob txoj hauv kev los ua qhov no: oxidation thiab tsoos blackening. Thiab qhov txawv ntawm ob txoj hauv kev no loj heev.
Thaum oxidized, nyiaj yog them nrog nyias zaj duab xis ntawm oxides, yog li cov khoom tau txais txheej tsaus. Tab sis lub txheej yog luv luv thiab yooj yim erased. Qhov txawv yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom thaum tu - yog tias koj polish oxidized nyiaj, ces nws yuav npog nrog ib daim phiaj sib zog me ntsis.
Blackening yog txheej txheej hlausib tov ntawm nyiaj, tooj liab thiab txhuas sulfides. Cov txheej zoo li no tiv taus kev puas tsuaj thiab ploj tag tsuas yog nrog lub sijhawm kub kub lossis thaum raug cov kua qaub.
Blackening ntawm kev lag luam scale yog tsim nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Tab sis, raws li txoj cai, lawv txhua tus sawv cev rau kev siv cov hmoov los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm cov nyiaj, tooj liab thiab txhuas sulfides rau cov khoom. Lub patina yog kho los ntawm "qhuav" los yog "ntub txoj kev" - nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, cov khoom raug rho tawm haujlwm tom qab siv cov hmoov, nyob rau hauv lub thib ob, cov hlau yog diluted nrog dej mus rau ib tug creamy lub xeev, thiab nyiaj yog rhuab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob. lub qhov cub muffle tom qab siv qhov sib tov.
Yog tias peb tham txog yuav ua li cas koj tuaj yeem ua kom cov nyiaj dub feem ntau, ces cov kws tshaj lij txheeb xyuas cov hauv qab no:
- galvanic - cov cuab yeej no muab rau cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb, yog li nws tsis siv hauv tsev;
- mechanical - siv graphite;
- tshuaj yog txoj kev txhim kho blackening tshaj plaws.
Mechanical method
Yuav ua li cas kom tsaus nyiaj hauv tsev nrog graphite? Qhov no yog ib qho yooj yim siv tshuab, thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig yog vim tib cov txheej txheem uas tshwm sim nrog lunar hlau dhau sijhawm. Ntawd yog, cov khoom ntawm plua plav lo rau nws thiab nruj "noj" rau hauv qhov chaw so. Nrog graphite, koj tuaj yeem ua kom cov txheej txheem no yooj yim.
Rau blackening, cov khoom yog lubricated nrog ib tug sib tov ntawm graphite hmoov, hlau oxide thiab turpentine, diluted mus rau ib tug mushy lub xeev. Tom qab ntawd lawv tos kom qhuav tag thiab so cov nyiaj nrog ib daim ntaub mos. Cov khoom qub, thiab qhov tsis sib xws ntawm nws qhov chaw,qhov pom ntau qhov tshwm sim yuav yog. Tab sis feem ntau, xws li blackening yog tsawg dua cov uas tau los ntawm cov tshuaj los yog galvanic txoj kev.
Dub nrog lub qe
Yuav ua li cas kom tsaus nyiaj hauv tsev nrog lub qe? Cov txheej txheem yooj yim heev thiab koj tsis tas yuav yuav cov nyiaj ntxiv. Txhua yam koj xav tau yog nyob rau hauv lub fridge. Yog li, rau blackening nrog lub qe, koj yuav tsum ua cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
- Ua qe los ob yog tias muaj nyiaj ntau ntau.
- cais cov protein - nws tuaj yeem noj tau, vim nws tsis koom nrog kev tsim cov plaque noble. Tag nrho cov tshuaj xav tau rau blackening yog concentrated nyob rau hauv lub yolk.
- Cov yolks yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv ib lub thawv airtight thiab crushed.
- Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum muab cov nyiaj tso rau hauv tib lub thawv, tab sis kom cov hlau tsis txhob kov cov yolks, txwv tsis pub cov txheej txheem blackening yuav nrawm dhau thiab tsis sib xws. Yog li ntawd, kev kho kom zoo nkauj yuav tsum tau dai los yog muab tso rau ntawm ib lub rack hlau, hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav tshaj plaws, cais nrog daim ntawv phuam.
- Cov khoom yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lub thawv kaw nruj nreem rau ib hnub. Yog tias tom qab 24 teev cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo heev, ces koj tuaj yeem tso cov nyiaj rau 1-2 hnub ntxiv.
- Ntawm cov khoom thiab ntxuav lawv nrog xab npum.
- Txhua lub ridges nrog ib daim ntaub mos.
Iodine
Yuav ua li cas kom dub nyiaj hauv tsev nrog iodine? Thaum siv cov khoom no, cov khoom yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav ua ntej. Tom qab ntawd thov nrog paj rwb swab los yog paj rwb swabiodine tov thiab muab cov nyiaj kom qhuav zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv tshav ntuj ncaj qha.
Thaum cov hlau tsaus, nws yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog tshuaj txhuam hniav - nws yuav hloov cov tshuaj txhuam me me. Tom qab ntxuav, bulges yuav ci, thiab cov recesses yuav nyob twj ywm darkened. Yog tias qhov tshwm sim nyob deb ntawm qhov zoo tag nrho, ces cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau rov ua dua qhov xav tau ntawm lub sijhawm.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no yog qhov pom tseeb: txoj kev blackening no yog tsim rau cov khoom embossed, tab sis tsis haum rau cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub nrog lub ntsej muag du.
Sulfur ointment
Koj tuaj yeem ua kom sai thiab ua tau zoo tsaus nti nyiaj nrog sulfuric ointment. Nws yog ib qho tshuaj uas yog siv los tua cov kab mob ntawm cov kab mob scabies, ob qho tib si hauv tib neeg thiab tsiaj txhu. Yog li ntawd, nws yog muag nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si veterinary thiab tsis tu ncua chaw muag tshuaj.
Sulfur ointment yog tuab, daj hauv cov xim thiab muaj cov ntxhiab tsw tsw qab. Nws yuav tsum tau siv rau cov khoom, thiab tom qab ntawd rhuab mus rau lub xeev cov dej nrog lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws. Tom qab cov tshuaj pleev ua kua ntau dua, nws tuaj yeem raug faib ntau dua rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov nyiaj. Thaum rhuab, nws yuav pom tias cov hlau tau txais cov xim dub-xiav lossis ntshav liab. Tom qab cov khoom tuaj yeem so qhuav, yog tias tsim nyog, cov txheej txheem tuaj yeem rov ua dua.
Tseem nyob hauv tsev, txhawm rau ua kom cov nyiaj tsaus, lawv siv "sulfur siab" - sintered sib tov ntawm sulfur thiab dej qab zib, uas tau muab pov rau hauv dej nrog nyiaj. Tab sis nyob rau hauv tsev, cov txheej txheem blackening no tsis pom zoo, txij li thaum hydrogen sulfide yuav raug tso tawm hauv cov txheej txheem - roj txaus ntshai nrog qhov tsis zoo.tsw.
Yuav ua li cas ntxuav nyiaj blackened?
Kev siv cov txheej tsaus nti yog yooj yim dua li tshem tawm tom qab. Yuav kom tshem tau cov blackening, koj yuav tsum tau siv zog ntau, thiab feem ntau, koj yuav tig mus rau cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb rau kev pab.
Tab sis yog tias koj yuav tsum tau ntxuav cov nyiaj dub, thaum tuav cov txheej txheem tsaus ntuj, ces cov txheej txheem no yuav xav tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, koj yuav tsum tau tso tseg cov txhuam hniav, thiab siv cov ntaub mos muag nkaus xwb rau polishing. Yog li ntawd lub nyem yuav nyob twj ywm darkened, thiab bulges yuav ci iab. Koj tuaj yeem siv tshuaj txhuam hniav ua ib qho abrasive. Cov khoom dub yuav tsum tsis txhob muab rhaub lossis ntxuav nrog cov tshuaj caustic.
Thiab thaum koj muab ib daim patented ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub rau lub rhiav kev tu, koj yuav tsum ceeb toom rau lub jeweler tias koj yuav tsum tau khaws cia lub noble patina.