Kev tu tus kheej yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub neej txhua hnub. Cov xab npum feem ntau yog siv rau da dej. Nws ntau yam tso cai rau koj xaiv qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws. Tshauv xab npum yog ib yam khoom siv tu cev zoo sib xws. Koj tuaj yeem ua rau koj tus kheej. Yuav ua li cas ua xab npum los ntawm tshauv yog piav nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm.
Yuav ua li cas?
Ua-nws-koj tus kheej tshauv xab npum yooj yim ua. Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum npaj txhua yam koj xav tau rau qhov no:
- Ash. Nws yog tau tom qab hlawv ntoo. Yog hais tias nws yog resinous, piv txwv li, los ntawm spruce los yog ntoo thuv, ces tshauv yuav tsum tau, yav tas los tov nrog rog, neutralize resin. Hloov cov khoom no yuav tso cai rau cov dej qab zib caustic, uas yog hu ua soapstone.
- Dej. Nws tuaj yeem yog qhov zoo tib yam, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv cov mos mos. Rigid nkag mus rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog alkali thiab ib nrab neutralizes nws.
- Fat. Nws tuaj yeem yog cov khib nyiab fatty, lard, subcutaneous rog thiab ntau yam tsiaj pov tseg.
- Ntsev. Koj yuav tsum xaiv phau ntawv ua noj.
Raws li cov khoom siv no, xab npum yog tsim los ntawm tshauv. Nwssiv rau da dej thiab ntxuav txhua hnub. Nws ua tiav nws txoj haujlwm tu cev.
Cov cai ua noj
Daim ntawv qhia tshuaj tsw qab yog yooj yim heev. Ua li no, ncuav me ntsis dej rau hauv ob lub ntim: ib lub loj thiab me me. Tsis txhob siv aluminium cookware. Ntxiv tshauv rau hauv dej thiab boil rau 30 feeb. Thaum lub sij hawm no, lub precipitate yuav tshwm sim - nws tsis siv. Thiab cov kua uas tshwm sim yuav yog lub teeb lye.
Cov roj tib yam ntxiv rau cov lye, tom qab ntawd cov sib tov yuav tsum tau boiled. Maj mam ntxiv lye ntxiv. Koj yuav tsum tau txais cov khoom uas tuaj yeem ua kom khov thaum kuaj - kua hws xab npum lossis xab npum kua nplaum.
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej
Koj yuav tsum tau muab cov kua nplaum nplaum no, tso tawm los ntawm cov roj uas seem thiab cov khib nyiab, thiab ntxiv cov ntsev rau nws. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, ib tug tuab xab npum core tshwm - soda xab npum. Cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau nplawm los ntawm kev ntxiv ntsev. Lub hauv paus yuav nthuav mus txog thaum tag nrho cov xab npum kua nplaum tau hloov mus rau hauv nws.
Tom qab ntawd cov xab npum tiav ntawm cov tshauv yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ntawm lub thawv thiab xa mus rau lwm lub boiler. Feem ntau cov concentrated lye, yav tas los boiled, thiab lub rooj ntsev yog ntxiv ntawm no. Tshauv xab npum ua tuab - tam sim no nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev tu cev. Tab sis koj tuaj yeem ua qhov no tom qab tshem tawm cov lye ntau dhau, uas yog teeb meem rau daim tawv nqaij. Cov tshuab no yog siv los npaj, piv txwv li, birch tshauv soap.
kawg theem
Thaum kawg, cov khoom tsim tawm tau muab tso rau hauv lub thawv ntoo ntawm cov ntaub pua tsev lossislwm canvas. Cov xab npum los ntawm cov tshauv yuav tsum harden, lye yuav tsum ntws. Cov khoom raug txiav rau hauv daim thiab siv raws li koj qhov kev txiav txim siab. Cov xab npum yuav tsum khaws cia nrog roj.
Txhua theem ntawm cov txheej txheem, tshwj tsis yog thawj zaug, yuav tsum zoo dua nqa tawm sab nraud, txwv tsis pub muaj ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab yuav tshwm sim hauv chav.
Npaj ua xab npum zoo ntxuav daim tawv nqaij. Nws yog qhov zoo dua li cov xab npum dawb, uas feem ntau yog siv rau kev nyiam huv ntawm tus kheej. Tom qab ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv saponification, tsis muaj alkali dawb. Hauv qhov sib piv, ib qho tshuaj xuas tes ua zoo ib txwm suav nrog cov roj dawb thiab rog.
Usage nuances
Lye thov:
- Kev ntxuav plaub hau thiab kev tu tus kheej. Hauv qhov no, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv lye los ntawm txoj kev yooj yim dua. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, dej tau dhau los ntawm 1 feem ntawm cov tshauv. Qhov no lye yog maj mam concentrated thiab tsis qhuav tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
- Yuav ntxuav tais diav. Daim ntawv qhia saum toj no yuav ua, tab sis nrog lub zog muaj zog. Rau qhov no, 1 feem ntawm dej yog dhau los ntawm ob peb feem ntawm tshauv. Yuav muaj zog thiab tuab lye.
- Kev ntxuav thiab ntxuav. Cov lye ua los ntawm txoj kev txias yog siv tau.
Cov tshuaj lye yog siv los ntxuav thiab ntxuav, yog li nws tuaj yeem qhuav tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Hauv kev siv nws, nws raug nquahu kom siv hnab looj tes lossis lwm yam kev tiv thaiv tes.
Qhov concentration ntawm lye nyob ntawm ntau yam ntawm cov nroj tsuag siv. Piv txwv li, poov tshuaj carbonate muaj nyob rau hauv paj noob hlis - 30-35%, birch tshauv - 12%, thiab buckwheat straw - 35%.
Tau txaisxab npum muab saturation ntawm lub hlwb ntawm lub epidermis nrog microelements, vitamins thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb Cheebtsam. Nws zoo kawg nkaus ntxuav, softens, nourishes ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nrog rau cov xab npum no, cov xim thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm cov epidermis txhim kho. Nws kuj zoo kawg nkaus khaws cov dej noo, tswj cov tawv nqaij elasticity.
Kev siv cov xab npum no tiv thaiv cov tawv nqaij ntawm cov dej tawv. Nws muab cov tawv nqaij rhiab, velvety, lub teeb aroma. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj tshem tawm cov pob khaus, irritations. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua xab npum zaws - rau kev ntxuav tob.
Kev nyuaj
Thaum ua xab npum, qee qhov teeb meem tuaj yeem tshwm sim uas yooj yim tshem tawm:
- Nws tsis yog qhov tsis yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem rog tshwm rau ntawm qhov sib xyaw. Nws yuav tsum raug kuaj xyuas tias cov tshuaj yog nyob ntawm qhov kub thiab txias kom liquefy cov rog. Yog tias muaj, ua kom sov qhov sib tov ntxiv, ntxiv 5% ntxiv dej lye, thiab do rau 10 feeb. Yog sib tov txias, ces sov nws me ntsis.
- Nws yuav yog qhov sib tov tsis coarsen rau 3 teev. Nws yuav tsum tau rhuab me ntsis ntxiv, tua hluav taws, ntxiv melted rog (10%) thiab do rau 10 feeb.
- Ntau qhov sib tov tsis tawv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias cov ntoo tshauv yog siv thiab tsis yog cov ntoo tshauv ntoo.
- Qee lub sij hawm cov xab npum tshwm sim muaj ib txheej nyias ntawm cov hmoov av dawb rau saum. Yuav tsum ntub dej ua ntej siv.
- Cov xab npum tshwm sim yuav tsis ua haujlwm zoo thawj zaug. Nws yuav tsum tau dipped rau hauv dej thiab cua qhuav.
Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias hauv daim ntawv qhia nokoj xav tau ntoo tshauv tawv, tsis yog ntoo mos. Tom qab ntawd cov txheej txheem ua noj yuav thov, nrog rau qhov tshwm sim. Cov xab npum uas tshwm sim yuav dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv kho mob zoo tshaj plaws.
Yog li, cov hmoov tshauv-raws li tau yooj yim npaj los ntawm koj tus kheej. Cov khoom uas tshwm sim tau zoo rau cov txheej txheem tu cev.
