Zirconium yog hlau-grey hlau nrog lub ntsej muag daj. Nws yog tau los ntawm remelting zirconium pov tseg, nrog rau ore concentrate.
Zirconium: nqi, GOST, piav qhia
Tsim - GOST 21907-76. Nws yog ductile thiab malleable (xws li kub), corrosion-resistant, paramagnetic, kub-resistant hlau. Zirconium tiv taus dej hiav txwv thiab chlorinated dej, ammonia, alkalis, acids, tsis poob nws qhov zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Nws yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv alloy nrog rau lwm yam hlau. Qhov no tsis tsuas yog muab nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb, tab sis kuj txhim kho manufacturability. Tus nqi - los ntawm 5500 rubles ib kg, nyob ntawm seb hom thiab cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus.
Tam sim no, zirconium belongs rau lub pov haum. Nyob rau hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, nws tau hu ua tus kwv tij ntawm pob zeb diamond, tab sis nws tsis muaj qhov nyuaj ntawm pob zeb diamond.
geology
Zirconium yog cov hlau uas tau hais tawm hauv cov pob zeb hauv ntau qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ntsev, amorphous oxides thiab ib tug crystals, xws li nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States (nyob rau hauv North Carolina). Crystals hnyav ib kilogram ib ntus pom nyob rau hauv deposits ntawm Nigeria. Cov nyiaj nplua nuj tshaj plaws nyob hauv Australia, South Africa, Is Nrias teb thiabNorth America.
Zirconium (ib hlau) feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv ore nrog rau hafnium, uas yog ze rau nws hauv cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv Russia, nws cov natural reserves yog kwv yees li ntawm 10% ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Cov hlau no nyob rau hauv 1799 yog thawj zaug cais nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm dioxide los ntawm Klaproth (ib tug German chemist) los ntawm cov ntxhia zircon. Nws yog smelted los ntawm enriched ore concentrate, nyob rau hauv uas cov ntsiab lus ntawm zirconium dioxide yog 60-65%.
Zirconium (hlau): daim ntawv thov
Alloys ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam lag luam: aircraft thiab foob pob ua ntxaij tsev, nuclear fais fab nroj tsuag, foundry, instruments, ua tub rog.
Vim muaj kev tawm tsam ntau ntxiv rau ntau yam xov xwm, nws pom daim ntawv thov hauv kev kho mob prosthetics, tsim cov cuab yeej phais. Hauv cheeb tsam no, zirconium muaj peev xwm hla titanium, vim nws ruaj khov nyob mus ib txhis.
jewellery
Zirconium (hlau) tau siv rau hauv cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub ntev. Cov khoom siv anodized muaj peev xwm tau txais txhua qhov ntxoov ntxoo, yog li muab sijhawm txaus rau kev paub txog cov tswv yim zoo nkauj. Yog tias koj xav tau ib yam dab tsi txawv txawv thiab qub, koj yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau ntau yam zirconia hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Xws li cov khoom yog elegant thiab nthuav rau lawv cov tiav. Vim li no, lawv muaj nuj nqis heev nyob rau hauv lub lag luam thoob ntiaj teb.
Nyob zoo
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nws cov kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau tib neeg lub cev tsis tau pom, txawm hais tias qee qhov chaw nws tseem ceeb heevzirconium. Cov hlau, cov cuab yeej kho mob uas tau piav qhia hauv tsab xov xwm no, tau pib siv tshuaj vim nws cov tshuaj tshwj xeeb thiab lub cev:
- siv rau kev tsim cov cuab yeej, vim nws tsis muaj tseeb rau cov teebmeem ntawm acids, alkalis, ammonia, dej;
- txhawb kev kho mob sai sai ntawm qhov txhab, thaum tiv thaiv kev tsim cov kua paug thiab nkag mus rau cov kab mob, vim tias nws muaj cov nyhuv antimicrobial;
- suav tias yog tshuaj tua kab mob zoo heev;
- relieves kev tsis haum tshuaj tsis yog ib qho allergen nws tus kheej;
- hluav taws xob tsis dhau.
Lub plasticity ntawm cov hlau no ua rau nws tuaj yeem khaws cov qauv ntawm cov pob txha thaum lub sij hawm nyuaj tshaj plaws, thaum lawv loj hlob ua ke sai dua. Zirconium (ib hlau) kuj tau siv los ua cov xov rau seams.
Cov khoom nrog nws tuaj yeem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kub siab, kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, mob caj dab thiab mob caj dab, txawm tias qhov no tseem tsis tau lees paub los ntawm cov tshuaj raug cai.
Zirconium nquag siv hauv orthopedic prosthetics thiab kho hniav. Feem ntau cov hlau alloys ua rau muaj kev phiv thiab ua xua hauv lub qhov ncauj. Zirconium yog tiv taus corrosion thiab nruab nrab rau ntau yam xov xwm. Tib lub sijhawm, nws tus kheej tsis ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev.
Tus nqi txhua hnub
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias txhua hnub cov cai ntawm cov macronutrient no tsis yog txhais raws nraim, vim peb lub cev tuaj yeem ua yam tsis muaj nws. Txhua hnub nrog zaub mov0.05 mg ntawm cov hlau no tuaj rau hauv, tab sis nws yog passive thiaj li yuav nkag mus rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov khoom no tsis yog synthesized ntawm nws tus kheej, txawm hais tias nws muaj peev xwm sau nyob rau hauv lub cev.
Ntau dhau ntawm zirconium hauv lub cev
Cov kws kho mob tseem tsis tau muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev noj tshuaj tuag ntawm cov khoom no rau tib neeg lub cev, txawm hais tias nws qhov kev noj ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo. Qhov nyiaj seem yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam, siv cov khoom siv tu cev, lossis nyob ze qhov chaw uas ua rau ib puag ncig.
Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov tsos mob hauv qab no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev noj ntau dhau: pulmonary fibrosis, mob ntsws thiab khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Zirconium yog cov hlau uas tuaj yeem khaws cia hauv lub cev, thaum nyob hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Nws yog qhov tsis muaj tseeb uas tau txais koob tshuaj ntau ntawm cov khoom.
Kev tsis txaus hauv lub cev
Qhov tsis muaj xws li macronutrient xws li zirconium (hlau), cov khoom uas tau piav qhia hauv tsab xov xwm no, yuav tsis ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim tsis zoo, vim nws tsis muaj nyob hauv hlwb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tshawb fawb tseem tab tom ua, thiab cov hlau tseem tuaj yeem nthuav tawm ntau yam ntawm nws qhov zoo rau peb.
khoom
Zirconium yog cov hlau uas muaj nyob hauv cov zaub mov hauv qhov tsawg, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis zoo. Cov hauv qab no yog cov npe ntawm cov khoom peb tuaj yeem tau txais cov khoom no nrog:
- mutton;
- nutmeg, pistachios;
- zaubyog ';
- legumes;
- kua txob liab.
Thaum siv?
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv hauv kev kho mob ntawm zirconium tseem tsis tau tsim, txawm hais tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yog ib qho khoom siv zoo heev rau kev kho mob thiab cog qoob loo.
Cov hlau no yog siv hauv tshuaj engineering ua cov khoom siv tiv thaiv corrosion. Nws cov additives deoxidize steel, thiab kuj tshem tawm sulfur thiab nitrogen los ntawm nws. Powdered zirconium yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov mos txwv thiab hauv pyrotechnics. Zirconium sulfate yog tus neeg sawv cev tanning uas tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam tawv.
