Kev kos duab yog ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm zoo siab tshaj plaws uas pab kom paub txog kev muaj tswv yim. Thaum xaiv cov xim rau cov tub ntxhais hluas artist, cov niam txiv feem ntau nres ntawm watercolors, raws li nws yog suav hais tias yog ib qho kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws. Tab sis nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem, cov me nyuam stain lawv cov khaub ncaws thiab cov rooj tog nrog cov xim, watercolor stains tshwm rau ntawm cov ntaub. Thiab yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, ces koj yuav tsum tau ua sai sai kom cov xim pigments tsis muaj sijhawm los nce foothold hauv fibers.
Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem nyeem cov lus qhia yuav ua li cas tshem tawm cov xim dej.
Yuav
Cov xim dej xim muaj ob lub ntsiab lus: xim xim (feem ntau yog ntuj) xim thiab lub hauv paus khi rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kua nplaum uas muaj dej-soluble. Cov dyes feem ntau yog diluted nrog cov pos hniav arabic, tab sis cov khoom pheej yig siv dextrin lossis lwm hom kua nplaum. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov xim dej muaj cov yas yas: zib ntab, glycerin lossis molasses. Nws kuj muaj cov khoom noj khoom haustiv thaiv cov kab mob loj hlob, thiab cov tshuaj ntub dej kom cov number case lays sib npaug ntawm daim ntawv.
Muaj ntau hom xim dej: qhuav, zib ntab, kua, mos thiab semi-tawv. Lawv txhua tus muaj cov khoom sib txawv thiab cov yam ntxwv.
Cov khoom kim heev yog qhov txawv los ntawm cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm dyes, siab lub teeb nrawm thiab xim nrawm. Thiab nws yog qhov zoo, cov xim zoo nkauj uas muab cov xim dej tsis tu ncua.
Kev tshem tawm
Dej xim yog dej-raws li, yog li nws yuav tsum yaj hauv dej. Thiab yog hais tias lub stain yog tshiab, nws yuav tsum tau muab yaug tam sim ntawd nyob rau hauv ib tug txias kwj. Cov dej kub yog contraindicated raws li lub tshav kub yuav teeb cov zas rau ntawm ntaub.
Nws yog cov xim dej tshiab uas tau muab tso tsis pub dhau 3-5 teev dhau los uas tshem tawm tau zoo.
Yuav kom tshem tawm cov xim dej ntawm cov ntaub, koj tuaj yeem siv cov hauv qab no:
- Cov stains qhuav yuav tsum tau muab ntxhua nrog xab npum ua ntej ntxuav thiab tos tsawg kawg ib teev. Ces ntxuav li qub.
- A 1.5-fold nce hauv koob tshuaj me nyuam cov hmoov yuav pab nrog cov xim dej. Koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws thaum ntxuav.
- Cov xim dej tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm nrog cov stain remover ntawm cov ntaub xim, thiab tshuaj dawb ntawm cov ntaub dawb.
- Yog cov ntaub muaj cov qauv tsis tu ncua thiab nws tsis yog cov khoom muag muag, ces koj tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kab mob nrog cov kua qaub kub. Koj yuav tsum tau moisten ib lub paj rwb ncoo nyob rau hauv rhuab vinegar thiab siv rau lub stain, thiab ces ntxuav. Tab sis txoj kev no tsis tuaj yeem siv rau ntawm txhob lo lo ntxhuav.los yog cov ntaub ntawv nyias, koj yuav tsum xub sim qhov tsis kam ntawm thaj chaw tsis pom kev.
- txhawm rau tiv nrog cov stain yuav pab kom muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm baking soda thiab hydrogen peroxide 3% hauv qhov sib npaug. Siv nws rau qhov stain thiab ntxiv ib co dej kub.
- Los ntawm cov ntaub tuab thiab ntom, cov xim dej tuaj yeem ua kom qhuav qhuav.
- Glycerin tuaj yeem pab nrog cov xim dej ntawm cov khaub ncaws. Nws yog siv rau ib lub paj rwb ncoo thiab nias rau ntawm qhov chaw uas muaj kab mob. Lub sij hawm tuav - 15-20 min.
Yuav ua li cas tshem tawm cov xim dej los ntawm ntau hom ntaub
Txhua hom ntaub siv nws tus kheej txoj kev tshem tawm cov av. Cov khoom paj rwb yog muab tso rau hauv ib qho dej kub ntawm ob litres dej, ob peb tablespoons dej qab zib thiab shavings los ntawm ib tug loj bar ntawm ntxhua khaub ncaws xab npum. Cov stain los ntawm cov ntaub plaub tsuas yog tshem tawm nrog xab npum ntxhua khaub ncaws, rov ua cov txheej txheem ntau zaus raws li qhov tsim nyog kom txog thaum ntxuav tag. Watercolors raug tshem tawm los ntawm tej yam ntuj tso txhob lo lo ntxhuav los yog ntxhua khaub ncaws xab npum los yog rhuab cawv - lawv so lub stain nrog nws, ces qhuav nws nrog ib tug napkin thiab sprinkle nrog talcum hmoov. Ammonia lossis saline tov yuav ntxuav cov xim dej los ntawm cov ntaub pua tsev hluavtaws.
Yog tsis muaj ib txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm, ces koj tuaj yeem npog qhov stain. Txij li thaum peb tab tom tham txog cov menyuam yaus cov khaub ncaws, paj ntaub, appliqués thiab cov hnab ntim khoom zoo nkauj yuav saib zoo rau nws.
